An integrated waveguide including a dielectric structure configured to
receive a first electromagnetic field distribution via a first major
surface and having a second major surface, wherein the first
electromagnetic field distribution produces a second electromagnetic
field distribution within the dielectric structure. The waveguide further
includes at least one metallic element disposed in the dielectric
structure between the first major surface and the second major surface,
the at least one metallic element structured and positioned to effect the
second electromagnetic field distribution to increase an amount of the
second electromagnetic field distribution that is incident upon a
selected region of the second major surface.