A method for verifying a desired operation of an untrusted memory device is
performed under load and includes shadowing read and write operations to
the untrusted memory device and to a trusted memory device. The shadowing
is performed by concurrently writing data to both the trusted and
untrusted memory devices, and concurrently reading data from both the
trusted and the untrusted memory devices. All data returned from the
trusted and untrusted memory devices in response to the read operations
are compared, and if any data compared does not have a same value, a value
from the trusted memory device is returned and an error indication is
generated.