A layered foundation for a play surface includes an upper layer formed of wood mulch or another landscaping loose-fill material, a support layer composed of multiple fragments of a resilient material such as vulcanized rubber, and a landscaping fabric sheet disposed between the upper layer and the support layer. The support layer, preferably 3-4 inches in depth, contributes considerably to the shock-absorbing capability of the foundation, to provide a foundation that meets or exceeds recommended levels of impact attenuation, yet has a total depth less than that considered necessary in conventional foundations or support systems. The support layer also effectively drains water from the upper layer, due to multiple, interconnected passages between fragments. The upper layer covers the support layer at a preferred thickness of at least six inches, preventing exposure of the support layer and thus minimizing any hazards that might arise from the characteristics of the rubber or other elastomer used in the support layer. The barrier layer further ensures that the support layer remains covered, and enables a removal and replacement of the upper layer material, if desired, without disturbing the support layer.