A passband-flattened phasar including two free space regions coupled by a
plurality of waveguides having predetermined differences between their
lengths so as to act as an arrayed waveguide grating. The phasar is
particularly useful in a wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) optical
communication system transmitting multiple wavelength systems arranged in
a wavelength comb with a constant wavelength channel spacing. The input
waveguide is coupled to the first free space region through a Mach-Zehnder
interferometer (MZI) having two waveguide arms of differing lengths
receiving approximately equal amounts of the input signal. The arms differ
in lengths so as to produce a phase difference between them. In a WDM
network, the waveguide arm produce a phase difference such that the free
spectral range of the MZI equals the wavelength channel spacing, such that
the wavelength response of the MZI is the same for each of the WDM
wavelengths. The two outputs of the MZI are coupled into the input end of
a multi-mode interferometer (MMI) with a lateral separation which provides
a lateral spatial dispersion in the MMI equaling the lateral spatial
dispersion of the conventional phasar. Thereby, a larger portion of the
passband is equally passed through the phasar.