A novel organic light-emitting pixel structure provides improved contrast
pixels suitable for use in high-contrast passive- and active-matrix
displays. A dark, low-reflectance film is placed on a reflective or
transparent substrate, which acts to absorb and/or trap ambient light
impinging on the pixel and improving its contrast between on and off
states. Optical scattering is reduced by fabricating a vertical wall
around each pixel which effectively blocks out light emitted from adjacent
pixels, and prevents the scattering of the pixel's own emitted light.
Light is emitted through a transparent upper electrode, which allows the
substrate to be non-transparent. An active-matrix display is thus built on
a single silicon substrate, with the crystalline silicon transistors
needed to drive the active-matrix fabricated alongside their respective
pixels, and with the walls surrounding the pixels formed from the drive
circuitry itself.