The present invention provides methods and apparatus for determining flow
velocity within a formation utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
techniques in which the shape of the resonance region is restricted so
that sensitivity to radial flow or vertical flow is obtained (or both when
more than one NMR tool is used). Flow velocity using these NMR tools is
determined using decay amplitude, frequency displacement or stimulated
echoes (where the spins are stored along the magnetic field instead of the
transverse plane to exploit echo decays and frequency displacements) based
on the application of adiabatic pulses. Based on the described NMR
measurement of flow velocity, additional wellbore parameters may be
obtained such as a direct measurement of permeability, an assessment of
drilling damage to the wellbore, formation pressure, invasion rate of the
mud filtrate or the migration of fine mud particles during sampling
operations.