Photonic crystal and photonic-crystal waveguide

   
   

The present invention provides a technique of reducing an incident/outgoing loss of a photonic crystal. On each of incident/outgoing sides of a photonic crystal, an antireflection layer made of a photonic crystal is disposed. At the incident side of a photonic crystal 200 having an effective refractive index n.sub.2, a photonic crystal 100 having an effective refractive index n.sub.1 satisfying the relation of n.sub.1 A invenção atual fornece uma técnica de reduzir uma perda de incident/outgoing de um cristal photonic. Em cada um de lados de incident/outgoing de um cristal photonic, uma camada do antireflection feita de um cristal photonic é disposta. No lado do incident de um cristal photonic 200 que tem um índice refractive eficaz n.sub.2, um cristal photonic 100 que tem um índice refractive eficaz n.sub.1 satisfer à relação de n.sub.1

 
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