A rate adaptive pacemaker has a measuring unit which interacts with a patient
to
determine a demand, a pacing rate controller connected to the measuring unit for
controlling the pacing rate in response to the demand, and a pacing rate limiter
connected to the pacing rate controller which upwardly limits the pacing rate so
as to always maintain the energy supplied to the myocardium at a level which exceeds
the energy consumed by the myocardium.