An actively cooled system includes a heat generating device and at least one
heat
transfer device. The heat transfer device includes a refrigerant loop including
a compressor for providing a superheated vapor state from a vapor stream, a condenser
comprising a membrane coupled to an actuator, the condenser including a condensing
surface for condensing the superheated vapor into a plurality of droplets, and
an evaporator for receiving the droplets. An expansion structure is interposed
between the condenser and the evaporator, wherein the membrane ejects the plurality
of droplets toward the evaporator during refrigerant cycle intervals when the expansion
structure is open. At least a portion of the heat generating device is in thermal
contact with the evaporator.
