A system for implanting a surgical device to control the circumference of
internal anatomic passages corrects physiologic dysfunctions resulting
from a structural lumen which is either too large or too small. Implants
are disclosed which employ various means for adjusting and maintaining
the size of an orifice to which they are attached. Systems permit the
implants to be implanted using minimally invasive procedures and permit
final adjustments to the circumference of the implants after the
resumption of normal flow of anatomic fluids in situ. Methods are
disclosed for using the implants to treat heart valve abnormalities,
gastroesophageal abnormalities, anal incontinence, and the like.
