Percutaneous transmyocardial revascularizaton systems are disclosed
for creating thin, linear incisions through the endocardium and partially into
the myocardium. The systems mitigate the deficiencies of current approaches that
position a distal tip channeling mechanism against the endocardial surface. The
systems position a catheter body lengthwise along the endocardial surface and incorporate
a cutting mechanism movable radially relative to the catheter body to create one
or more elongate thin, linear incisions along one or more windows through the catheter
body. Flexible support strands are used to urge each window into intimate contact
with the endocardial surface. Each cutting element is adapted to protrude radially
outward from the catheter body to contact tissue adjacent each window. The cutting
mechanism incorporates a mechanical cutting element or an electrode designed to
transmit direct current or radiofrequency energy into tissue to simultaneously
cut and coagulate tissue. The catheter also can infuse a therapeutic agent directly
into the incisions to encourage angiogenesis. The catheter also cuts thin, linear
incisions capable of ablating arrhythmia substrates by disrupting electrical propagation
through the affected myocardium.