Numerous common diseases are associated with the ACE D/D genotype and will respond to an adequate tissue-inhibitory dose of ACE inhibitors such as quinapril. Detailed genotype studies establish the association and several of these diseases are successfully treated using higher than normal dosages of ACE inhibitors, especially hydrophobic ACE inhibitors. ACE inhibitors have also been found to be useful in inhibiting apoptosis and aging in general. Formulations containing a second active agent such as a diuretic, or a compound such as furosemide 20 mg/day (for creatinine<2.5 mg/dl) or furosemide 40 mg/day (for creatinine>2.5 mg/dl), are used to prevent fluid retention and congestive heart failure in patients with renal failure. The ACE inhibitors can also be combined with an angiotensin receptor blocker.