An out-of-plane micro-structure which can be used for on-chip integration of
high-Q
inductors and transformers places the magnetic field direction parallel to the
substrate plane without requiring high aspect ratio processing. The photolithographically
patterned coil structure includes an elastic member having an intrinsic stress
profile. The intrinsic stress profile biases a free portion away from the substrate
forming a loop winding. An anchor portion remains fixed to the substrate. The free
portion end becomes a second anchor portion which may be connected to the substrate
via soldering or plating. A series of individual coil structures can be joined
via their anchor portions to form inductors and transformers.