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A substrate is formed with a chamber having an opening which is defined by first
edges extending in a first direction with a first dimension and second edges extending
in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction with a second dimension
shorter than the first dimension. A vibration plate is provided on the substrate
so as to seal the opening. A first common electrode to be fixed at a predetermined
potential is formed on the vibration plate. A first piezoelectric layer is laminated
on the first common electrode so as to oppose the chamber. The first piezoelectric
layer extends in the first direction such that both end portions thereof in the
first direction are beyond the second edges of the opening. A drive electrode to
which a drive signal is supplied externally is laminated on the first piezoelectric
layer. A second piezoelectric layer is laminated on the drive electrode so as to
oppose the chamber. The second piezoelectric layer extends in the first direction
such that both end portions thereof in the first direction are beyond the second
edges of the opening. A second common electrode to be fixed at the predetermined
potential is laminated on the second piezoelectric layer.
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< Process for preparing 1,2,4-butanetriol
< Linear motor with reduced cogging force
> Differential capacitance measurement
> Objective lens, light converging optical system, optical pickup apparatus, and recording and/or reproducing apparatus
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~ 00211
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