A subject of the invention is new heterocyclic or benzenic derivatives comprising a lateral chain derived from lipoic acid, which have an inhibitory activity on NO-synthase enzymes producing nitrogen monoxide NO and/or are agents allowing the regeneration of antioxidants or entities trapping the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and which intervene in a more general manner in the redox status of thiol groups. A subject of the invention is also their preparation methods, the pharmaceutical preparations containing them and their use for therapeutic purposes, in particular their use as inhibitors of NO-synthases and/or as agents which intervene in a more general manner in the redox status of thiol groups.