The invention concerns a composition comprising in a cosmetically acceptable aqueous medium, at least 0.02 weight percent relative to the composition total weight, one or several water soluble organosilicon compounds, having one, two or three silicon atoms, at least a basic chemical function and at least two hydroxyl groups or groups capable of being hydrolyzed per molecule, said organosilicon compounds being partly neutralized with at least a neutralizing agent. The invention is applicable to hair care compositions.