Provided is a femoral head surface replacement system including a femoral head aspherical cup having a round cavity inside and a distal end having an open lower end, and a stem installed on the femoral head aspherical cup and extending to a lower side end thereof. In the femoral head aspherical cup, a cavity is formed so that a femoral head is inserted therein, a conic insertion protrusion protrudes from an upper side of the cavity, and the distal end is formed of a plurality of protruding portions and groove portions. In the stem, an insertion hole is formed corresponding to the insertion protrusion of the femoral head aspherical cup so that the stem is fixed to the femoral head aspherical cup as the insertion protrusion is forcibly inserted into the insertion hole.