The present invention relates to data processing systems with built-in error recovery from a given checkpoint. In order to checkpoint more than one instruction per cycle it is proposed to collect updates of a predetermined maximum number of register contents performed by a respective plurality of CISC/RISC instructions in a buffer (CSB)(60) for checkpoint states, whereby a checkpoint state comprises as many buffer slots as registers can be updated by said plurality of CISC instructions and an entry for a Program Counter value associated with the youngest external instruction of said plurality, and to update an Architected Register Array (ARA)(64) with freshly collected register data after determining that no error was detected in the register data after completion of said youngest external instruction of said plurality of external instructions. Handshake synchronization for consistent updates between storage in an L2-cache (66) via a Store Buffer (65) and an Architected Register Array (ARA) (64) is provided which is based on the youngest instruction ID (40) stored in the Checkpoint State Buffer (CSB) (60).