A method for restoration of human or animal bone anatomy includes introduction into a bone of an expansible implant according to a single determined plane intrinsic to the implant, positioning the expansible implant in the bone in order to make the expansion plane intrinsic to the implant correspond with a bone restoration plane, opening out the implant in the bone restoration plane with a view to forming a cavity inside the bone, and injecting a filling material into the cavity containing the implant. The implant includes a single determined expansion plane intrinsic to the implant, a device for positioning the implant in the bone, and a device for opening out the implant in the expansion plane.