The invention disclosed relates to feed spacers used in various filtration membrane
modules, such as in spiral wound membranes, used in cross-flow filtration. Such
spacers have an influence in promoting the mixing between the bulk of the fluid
and the fluid element adjacent to the membrane surface so as to keep the membrane
surface relatively clean. To optimize these properties, novel spacer designs are
disclosed having a plurality of rows of elongated strands, the strands in each
row being arranged substantially in parallel to one another, with adjacent rows
being attached and disposed at an angle to one another, the strands of at least
one row when viewed in cross-section having a central portion of a width smaller
than the width of its extremities. Novel membrane modules incorporating such feed
spacers are also disclosed.