A mine transportation management system capable of reducing cost by reducing the number of transportation vehicles is provided. For this purpose, the system includes a plurality of self-propelled vehicles and a plurality of vessels each having a communication section, and each being identifiable, which are connectable to and separable from each other. A loading machine having a communication section, which loads an object into at least one of the vessels. A management center, which has a communication section, selects a vessel to be transported and selects a self-propelled vehicle for transporting the selected vessel based on a transportation demand signal from a processing facility, and transmits a transportation command signal to the selected self-propelled vehicle to connect to the selected vessel and to travel to the processing facility.