A non-quasistatic MOS frequency divider circuit uses a phase lock loop configuration
including an antenna coil to induce a differential input signal, an antenna resonating
capacitor, a rectifier, a voltage controlled ring oscillator, a phase detector
and a loop filter. All transistors used are organic MOS devices of PMOS, NMOS or
both PMOS and NMOS varieties. The voltage-controlled oscillator includes a multiple
delay stage ring oscillator. The phase detector includes transistors connected
as sampling switches to sample the individual oscillator stage voltages into the
loop filter. The sampling transistors have gates connected to the coil. The loop
filter provides a substantially direct current to a loop amplifier and then to
the voltage controlled oscillator delay control input. This configuration results
in the voltage controlled oscillator frequency being synchronous to—and at
a sub-multiple of the antenna signal frequency. The sampling transistor gates are
all connected to the coil and thereby become part of the capacitance of the radio
frequency parallel resonant network. The transistor gates are then efficiently
switched at the rate of the radio frequency signal with no delay relative to the
coil voltage. Operation of the phase detector organic transistors is based on non-quasistatic
behavior of the transistor. Non-quasistatic operation results in phase detection
at a frequency much higher than the quasistatic limit of transistor unity gain bandwidth.