This invention provides for combinations of 5 alpha reductase inhibitors and SERMs. These combinations are useful in: 1) preventing prostate carcinogenesis in a subject; 2) preventing the recurrence of, suppressing, inhibiting or reducing the incidence of prostate carcinogenesis in a subject; 3) treating a subject with prostate cancer; 4) suppressing, inhibiting or reducing the incidence of prostate cancer in a subject; 5) treating a subject with pre-malignant lesions of prostate cancer; 6) suppressing, inhibiting or reducing the incidence of pre-malignant lesions of prostate cancer in a subject; 7) reducing the incidence, inhibiting, suppressing, preventing and/or treating androgen-deprivation induced conditions in men suffering from prostate cancer, such as androgen-deprivation induced osteoporosis, bone fractures, loss of bone mineral density (BMD), hot flashes and/or gynecomastia; and 8) treating polycystic ovarian syndrome and reducing the incidence, inhibiting, suppressing, preventing and/or treating diabetes, cardiovascular disease, breast cancer and endometrial cancer in women suffering from polycystic ovarian syndrome.