Provided is a focusing waveguide grating coupler using a leaky mode which
can form single output beam while relieving the dependency on manufacturing processes.
The focusing waveguide grating coupler of the present research includes: a substrate
having a first refraction index n1; a first core layer having a second refraction
index n2, the first core layer being formed on the substrate; a second core layer
having a third refraction index n3, the second core layer being formed on the first
core layer apart from the first core layer with a space d in between; a first cladding
layer having a fourth refraction index n4, the first cladding layer being formed
on the second core layer; a second cladding layer having a fifth refraction index
n5, the second cladding layer being formed on the first cladding layer and inserted
between the first core layer and the second core layer; and a Fresnel lens positioned
on the second cladding layer, wherein the refractive indexes satisfy conditions
of n5(n2, n3)n1 and n5n4; and light inputted through the first
and second core layers to the Fresnel lens as radiated leaky beam by a leaky mode
formed according to the conditions, and the leaky beam forms an optical focus by
performing single directional coupling.