One aspect of the present invention relates to methods of synthesizing substituted
piperidines. A second aspect of the present invention relates to stereoselective
methods of synthesizing substituted piperidines. The methods of the present invention
will find use in the synthesis of compounds useful for treatment of numerous ailments,
conditions and diseases that afflict mammals, including but not limited to addiction
and pain. An additional aspect of the present invention relates to the synthesis
of combinatorial libraries of the substituted piperidines using the methods of
the present invention. An additional aspect of the present invention relates to
enantiomerically substituted pyrrolidines, piperidines, and azepines.