An object is to obtain a projection optical system capable of projecting image
information onto a screen while maintaining satisfactory optical performance, and
projection apparatus using it. An image display element and the screen both are
set normal to the reference optical axis of the projection optical system, and
at least one optical element out of a plurality of optical elements constituting
the projection optical system has an optical axis shifted from the reference optical
axis or/and tilted relative to the reference optical axis.