The present invention relates to an electroluminescent filament capable of emitting a plurality of colors and a method for manufacturing the same. Said electroluminescent filament of the present application comprises: A metal conductive wire as core wire; A medium insulating layer coated on the core wire; A light emitting layer coated on the medium insulating layer; A conductive layer coated on the light emitting layer; At least one or more transmission conductive wires wound at interval on the outside of the conductive layer; The transparent polymer casing tube covering the transmission conductive wires and the outer side of the surface of conductive layer not covered by transmission conductive wires; The polymer casing tube of at least 2 to 8 colors covering the outer layer of transparent polymer casing tube and forming light emitting filament with helical or sectional colors combination. The electroluminescent filament of the present invention is low in power consumption, free from heating and cannot be abnormally switched off, and has relatively long service life. Being extraordinarily extensive in its scope of application, the present invention can be used for external and internal housing and automobile decoration, and for external decoration for the purpose of advertisement, in entertainment places, and for toys, art and handicraft products and electric and electronic equipment.