A spin valve GMR sensor configured in a bridge configuration is provided. The
bridge
includes two spin valve element pairs. The spin valve elements include a free layer,
a space layer, a pinned layer, and a bias layer. The bias layer includes a first
bias layer and a second bias layer. The first and second spin valve element pairs
are formed on separate metal layers and a current pulse is applied to the metal
layers, which sets the direction of magnetization in the pinned layer of the first
pair of spin valve elements to be antiparallel to the direction of magnetization
in the pinned layer of the second pair of spin valve elements. The same effect
can be accomplished by making the pinned layer substantially thicker than the second
bias layer in the first spin valve element pair and the pinned layer is substantially
thinner than the second bias layer in the second spin valve element pair and applying
a magnetic field to the first and the second spin valve element pairs.