An energetic sabot allows part of the sabot to burn away at a controlled rate,
adding propellant energy to the gun while at the same time completely support the
projectile rod. The energetic sabot is thicker or larger at shot start to support
the projectile without breaking. As the energetic sabot travels up the gun tube,
the energetic sabot then thins out or otherwise decreases in mass as the force
on the energetic sabot decreases. The weight of the projectile consequently decreases
as it travels up the gun tube, allowing the gun gases to push a lighter projectile,
giving the projectile a higher velocity. Due to its continually decreasing weight
in the gun tube, the projectile experiences greater acceleration and exits the
gun with a higher muzzle velocity. A secondary effect comes from increased pressure
in the gun tube from the gases relinquished in the burning of the sabot, further
increasing the velocity of the projectile. This higher velocity in turn leads to
greater projectile velocity at target impact, and thus a greater penetration depth.
The energetic sabot is "doped" with energetic materials by sprinkling either explosive,
propulsive, or pyrotechnic agents between layers of the composite material in the
energetic sabot. These agents ignite upon propulsion; their composition is determined
from their burn rates. The burn rate may be designed proportional to the decrease
in chamber pressure; the less pressure in the tube, the more material that can
be relinquished.