Aerogels having a monolayer coating are described. The aerogel and a monolayer
forming precursor are provided in a supercritical fluid, whereupon the aerogel
and the monolayer forming precursor are reacted in said supercritical fluid to
form a covalent bond between the aerogel and the monolayer forming precursor. Suitable
aerogels are ceramic oxides such as silica, alumina, aluminosilicate, and combinations
thereof. Suitable monolayer forming precursors include alkyl silanes, chlorosilanes,
boranes, chloroboranes, germanes, and combinations thereof. The method may also
include providing a surface preparation agent such as water, or hydroetching an
aerogel to enhance the coating of the monolayer.