The present invention relates generally to ovary-specific genes (O1-180, O1-184 and O1-236) and the proteins they encode. Also provided are methods for detecting cell proliferative or degenerative disorders in reproductive tissues. Yet further, the invention provides methods for scrounge of compounds that interact and/or modulate the expression or activity of the ovary-specific genes. These compounds are possible contraceptive agents and/or fertility agents.