A locally-outcoupled optical resonator has whispering gallery modes existing
in
a nearly circular resonator. Light is outcoupled by providing a local perturbing
feature on the perimeter of the locally-outcoupled cavity resonator. The perturbing
feature provides an outcoupling or loss mechanism that asymmetrically interacts
with circulating whispering gallery modes, thereby making the resonator capable
of uni-directional output.