The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition which can be used to prevent and treat bone fracture and osteoporosis. The composition is composed of Semen lactucae sativae 0.1-1, Lignum aquilariae resinatum 2-20, Fructus oryzae 1-5, Resina boswelliae carterii 0.1-1, Rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae 0.1-1 and Semen cuscutae 0.1-1. The whole or the specific parts of the plants can be used to prepare the inventive pharmaceutical composition; preferred plants are Aquilariae lignum containing resin and Boswellia carterii containing resin. This pharmaceutical composition can be formulated into lozenge, tablet, film coated tablets, capsule, soft capsule, granule, powder, pill, solution, emulsion, injection solution, injection, ointment, cream, spray or inhalant.