The object of the present invention is to provide a construction and coating composition that effectively utilizes vermiculite as a natural resource and is able to satisfy requirements for humidity control and/or deodorizing as well as an attractive appearance, while also offering superior balance between the amount and rates of moisture absorption and release, in particular. This object is achieved by a composition in which non-expanded vermiculite is blended into a base material so that the blended amount is 5-70 wt % of the total composition (solid portion). In addition, the above construction material can be converted into soil by crushing when it has become a waste construction material.