A dual spin valve giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensor having two spin valves
with
the second spin valve being self-biased is disclosed herein. According to the present
invention a dual spin valve system is disclosed wherein the first of the two spin
valves in the dual spin valve element is pinned through exchange coupling, i.e.,
a first anti-ferromagnetic pinning layer and a first ferromagnetic pinned layer
structure are exchange coupled for pinning the first magnetic moment of the first
ferromagnetic pinned layer structure in a first direction. The second of the two
spin valves in the dual spin valve system is self-pinned. The self-pinned spin
valve does not use any anti-ferromagnetic layers to pin the magnetization of the
pinned layers.