A Mobile Station (MS) is able to vertically roam in either direction between
two
different nerworks, i.e, WWAN and WLAN. The MS is equipped with a dual mode Radio
for WWAN and WLAN transmissions. The WLAN Radio is linked to a WLAN Enterprise
Gateway Controller (EGC) via a first air link and the WWAN Radio is linked to a
WWAN Base Transceiver Station (BTS) via a second air link. An outgoing VoIP call
from the WLAN Radio to a remote party on the WWAN will transition or seamlessly
switch over to a WWAN connection when the MS detects packet error rates, frequent
scale back or consistent signal degradation.