A system and method for using magnetic resonance imaging to increase the
accuracy of electrophysiologic procedures includes an invasive combined
electrophysiology and imaging antenna catheter which includes an RF
antenna for receiving magnetic resonance signals and diagnostic
electrodes for receiving electrical potentials. The combined
electrophysiology and imaging antenna catheter is used in combination
with a magnetic resonance imaging scanner to guide and provide
visualization during electrophysiologic diagnostic or therapeutic
procedures, such as ablation of cardiac arrhythmias. The combined
electrophysiology and imaging antenna catheter may further include an
ablation tip, and be used as an intracardiac device to deliver energy to
selected areas of tissue and visualize the resulting ablation lesions.
The antenna utilized in the combined electrophysiology and imaging
catheter for receiving MR signals is preferably of the coaxial or
"loopless" type. High-resolution images from the antenna may be combined
with low-resolution images from surface coils of the MR scanner to
produce a composite image. A system for eliminating the pickup of RF
energy in which intracardiac wires are detuned by filtering so that they
become very inefficient antennas. An RF filtering system is provided for
suppressing the MR imaging signal while not attenuating the RF ablative
current. Steering means may be provided for steering the invasive
catheter under MR guidance. Other ablative methods can be used such as
laser, ultrasound, and low temperatures.