A non-invasive near infrared spectrophotometric monitoring transducer assembly
includes a housing member, which is adhered directly on a patient's skin. The housing
member contains a prism coupled to a flexible and lightweight single core optical
light guide, which provides a means of transferring narrow spectral bandwidth light
from multiple distant laser diodes of different wavelengths by use of a multi-fiber
optic light combining assembly. Different wavelengths are needed to monitor the
level of blood oxygenation in the patient. The assembly also contains a planar
light guide mounted on the prism located in the housing member, which light guide
contacts the patient's skin when the housing member is adhered to the patient's
skin. The light guide controls the spacing between the prism and the patient's
skin, and therefore controls the intensity of the area on the patient's skin which
is illuminated by the laser light. The housing member contains a photodiode assembly,
which detects the infrared light at a second location on the skin to determine
light absorption. The photodiode assembly is preferably shielded from ambient electromagnetic
interference (EMI) by an optically transparent EMI attenuating window. This rigid
window placed over the photodiode also provides a planar interface between the
assembly and the skin, improving optical coupling and stability as well as reducing
the capacitive coupling between skin and the photodiode resulting in further EMI
attenuation. The housing may be associated with a disposable sterile hydrogel coated
adhesive envelope, or pad, which when applied to the patient's skin will adhere
the housing to the patient's skin. The transducer assembly will thus be reusable,
and skin-contacting part of the device, i.e., the envelope or pad can be discarded
after a single use. The assembly also includes a laser safety interlock means,
which is operable to turn off the laser light output in the event that the assembly
accidentally becomes detached from the patient's skin.