The invention relates to a combination which comprises a DPP-IV inhibitor and at least one further PPAR.alpha. compound, preferably selected from the group consisting of fenofibrate, micronized fenofibrate, bezafibrate, gemfibrazil and ciprofibrate for simultaneous, separate or sequential use in the prevention, delay of progression or treatment of conditions mediated by DPP-IV and PPAR.alpha., in particular diabetes, more especially type 2 diabetes mellitus, conditions of IGT, conditions of impaired fasting plasma glucose, metabolic acidosis, ketosis, arthritis, obesity, dyslipidemia and osteoporosis.