The present invention provides fully human antibodies in a transgenic animal
of a desired isotype in response to immunization with any virtually any desired
antigen. The human immunoglobulin heavy chain transgene in the foregoing animals
comprises a human constant region gene segment comprising exons encoding the desired
heavy chain isotype, operably linked to switch segments from a constant region
of a different heavy chain isotype, i.e., a non-cognate switch region. Said additional
constant region segment comprises a switch region and human constant region coding
segment, wherein the constant region coding segment is operably linked to a switch
region that it is not normally associated with, i.e., a non-cognate switch region.
In the transgenes of the invention, the non-cognate switch region may be a switch
region from a different species than the constant region coding segment. The switch
region and membrane exons of the invention may comprise a human gamma-2 constant
region and the secreted constant region exons are from a human gamma-1 or a human
gamma-4 constant region.