A novel soybean cultivar, designated 0491722, is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 0491722, to the plants of soybean 0491722 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing the cultivar 0491722 with itself or another soybean variety. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds and plants produced by crossing the cultivar 0491722 with another soybean cultivar.