An improved low-loss waveguide crossover uses an out-of-plane, such as
vertical, waveguide to bridge over any number of waveguides with very
low, or essentially no, optical loss or crosstalk. Optical signals
transmitted in a waveguide system having the improved waveguide crossover
can cross over one or multiple transverse waveguides with a greatly
reduced loss of signal intensity by using a second waveguide (such as a
bridge) positioned in a second plane different from the plane containing
the transverse waveguides. An optical signal from the input waveguide is
coupled efficiently through directional coupling to the bridge waveguide
and optionally from the bridge waveguide to the output waveguide. Methods
for fabricating the improved waveguide crossover are described.