A long code scrambler has been provided to scramble the data bits prior to
QAM mapping. Different data rates are accommodated by using different
long code m-tuples sampled at the modulation symbol rate, where m equals
2, 4 or 6 for 4, 16 or 64 QAM, respectively. In order to support 1XEV-DV
users employing multiple Walsh code channels, a long code 6-tuple sample
is permutated, to further randomize the QAM symbols. As appropriate for
the modulation order, 2, 4 or 6 bits of the permutated 6-tuple are
applied to the data sequence. That is, in addition to randomizing the
modulation symbols for a given code channel, each code channel will
likely have unique QAM symbols at any given symbol time.