The present invention provides methods and compounds for the direct
sequestration of chloride ions without requiring the addition of a source
of anion such as nitrite or nitrate. A direct sequestration additive is
introduced to fresh concrete or hardened concrete where the additive
reacts with incoming chloride ions to form a low solubility,
chloride-containing compound which captures or sequesters chloride ions.
In a preferred embodiment, the chloride-containing compound comprises
3CaO.Fe.sub.(2-x)Al.sub.xO.sub.3.CaCl.sub.2.nH.sub.2O, where x ranges
from about 0 to 1.4, and n ranges from about 8 to 24. The chloride ions
may be provided in the form of deicing salt or sea water. Because
chloride-containing compounds such as
3CaO.Fe.sub.(2-x)Al.sub.xO.sub.3.CaCl.sub.2.nH.sub.2O are formed directly
without requiring the addition of a source of anion (e.g. nitrite or
nitrate), the process is referred to as "direct sequestration."