Certain materials are electroluminescent, and this electroluminescent
effect has been used in the construction of backlights for displays. Such
a backlight commonly consists of a transparent front layer (11) known as
the substrate carrying over its rear face a transparent
electrically-conductive film (12) forming the backlight's front electrode
and covered by a layer of electroluminescent/phosphor material (13) over
the rear face of which is a high-dielectric dielectric layer (16) bearing
on its rear face a conductive film (17) forming the back electrode. The
whole is positioned behind a mask (18) that defines whatever characters
the display is to show. This use of a mask has some disadvantages, some
of which can be overcome by utilizing an array of suitably shaped
individual electrodes (21) instead of a continuous one; however, this
itself has drawbacks, since the lead (22) to each electrode acts as an
electrode in its own right, activating the phosphor to show faint but
distracting additional illumination.