A dynamic coating includes at least one polymeric layer for attachment to
a surface. The polymeric layer includes at least one electrically
conducting polymer including layer, wherein under influence of a dynamic
signal applied to the polymeric layer, a contact angle of the polymeric
layer dynamically and substantially increases or decreases upon oxidation
or reduction of the polymer. The polymeric layer can also expand or
contract upon oxidation or reduction. The coating can be used for a
variety of applications including a non-toxic biofouling preventative
system and for forming low voltage electrowetting pumps.