A data storage device with deterministic caching and retention capabilities to effect file level data transfers with a host device. The data storage device includes a data recording medium on which user data are stored and a data transducing head which accesses the stored data, an operating system kernel module having a virtual file system, and a deterministic caching module. A file level request issued by the host device is processed by the virtual file system and passed to the deterministic caching module which converts the file level request into a number of block oriented access commands to access a selected number of data sectors on the medium associated with the file level request. A sort priority is assigned to each access command in relation to at least one identified characteristic of the file level request. The access commands are executed in relation to the assigned sort priorities.