An apparatus for preventing abrasion in a reciprocal compressor, including a cylinder, a reciprocal motor having a stator and a mover, and generating a linear reciprocation driving force, a piston inserted into an inside space of the cylinder to be linearly movable, a piston rod coupled to the piston to be movable in the radial direction of the piston, and coupled to the mover of the reciprocal motor, for transmitting the linear reciprocation driving force of the reciprocal motor to the piston, and a concentricity control means coupled to a junction between the piston and the piston rod, for fixing the piston and the piston rod in the axial direction, and allowing a relative motion thereof in the radial direction. The apparatus prevents abrasion from being generated between the cylinder and the piston due to processing errors and assembly errors of components of the reciprocal compressor.