A printing material processing machine has an oscillating roll with a roll shaft, a roll barrel rotatably and translatorily mounted on the roll shaft, and an oscillating mechanism for moving the roll barrel to and fro along the roll shaft. The oscillating roll is mountable on a roll lock. A fixing device is provided and constructed in such a way that, in a dismantled state of the oscillating roll, in which the latter is released from the roll lock, the fixing device secures the roll barrel against displacement along the roll shaft and, in an installed state of the oscillating roll, in which the latter is mounted in the roll lock, permits the axial to and fro movement of the roll barrel.