A phoretic display device comprising a plurality of electrophoretic or
magnetophoretic cells, each having a phoretic particle dispersed within a
suspension medium comprising a liquid crystal material. The phoretic cell
is adapted to induce defects, sometimes known as disclinations, in the
alignment of the liquid crystal material within the cell which act to
exert a retentive force on the phoretic particle when within the region
of influence of the defects. The configuration of the display introduces
a threshold level in the electric or magnetic field required to move the
phoretic particle between defects within the cell. Accordingly, the
non-linear electro-optic or magneto-optic behaviour of the display
facilitates matrix addressing of the cells therein. The display may
comprise a plurality of prolate spheroid phoretic cells arranged in an
encapsulant, the major (long) axis of each cell arranged substantially
perpendicular to the plane of the display.